Background: Nephrolithiasis is a global healthcare problem with a current lifetime risk of 18.8% in men and 9.4% in\nwomen. Given the high cost of medical treatments and surgical interventions as well as the morbidity related to\nsymptomatic stone disease, medical prophylaxis for stone recurrence is an attractive approach. Thiazide diuretics have\nbeen the cornerstone of pharmacologic metaphylaxis for more than 40 years. However, evidence for benefits and\nharms of thiazides in the prevention of calcium containing kidney stones in general remains unclear. In addition, the\nefficacy of the currently employed low dose thiazide regimens to prevent stone recurrence is not known..............
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